Hippopotamus

Common Name

Hippopotamus

Scientific Name

Hippopotamus amphibius

Habitat

Shallow water such as rivers and lakes. They cannot inhabit deep water because hippos cannot swim and, in fact, sink like a stone.

Status

Species Survival Plan, Vulnerable

Diet

Hippos mainly eat grass, which is virtually the only thing they will leave the water for. They typically browse at night when temperatures are much cooler.

Zoo Location

African Savannah

Range

Sub-Saharan Africa

Physical Description

Length: 540 cm (10 - 15 ft)

Height: 165 cm (5.4 ft) at shoulder

Weight: 3200 kg (7040 lb)

Description

Hippos hover between the second and third largest of all land animals after elephants, and overlapping the weight range of the white rhinoceros (1440 - 3900 kg). Their large body is almost without hair so as to improve their ability to lose heat. Their heads are very large for their body with their main sense organs (eyes, ears, and nose) all protruding from out of the water, perfect for an amphibious lifestyle.

Behaviour

Hippos may live alone, or in groups of up to 30. Aggression between males is intense. The hippos use their long canine teeth as weapons, and death often results from fighting between males. Most adult male hides are covered with scars from injuries incurred during these fights. The losing male often winds up relegated to a solitary existence.

Threats

Hippos threatened status depends on their population. In some areas they are hunted for their meat and ivory, and are also killed in confrontations with farmers and fisherman.